八年級(jí)（下）新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)及句型總匯
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
fewer people更少的人（fewer修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示否定）
less free time更少的空閑時(shí)間（less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示否定）
in ten years 10年后（in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)用于將來時(shí)，提問用How soon）
fall in love with…愛上… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once當(dāng)我第一次見到許老師，我立刻愛上他
live alone單獨(dú)居住
feel lonely 感到孤獨(dú)（比較：live alone/go along等）
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩獨(dú)自沿著街道走，但她并不感到孤獨(dú)
keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬
fly to the moon 飛上月球
hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù) 數(shù)百/幾百（概數(shù)，類似還有thousands of; millions of）
the same as 和……相同
A be different from B A與B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
wake up醒來（wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人” get bored 變得厭倦（get/become是連系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等）
go skating去滑冰（類似還有g(shù)o hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等）
lots of/a lot of許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以）
at the weekends在周末
study at home on computers在家通過電腦學(xué)習(xí)
agree with sb.同意某人(的意見)
I don’t agree. = I disagree.我不同意
on a piece of paper在一張紙上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可數(shù)名詞）
on vacation 度假
help sb with sth/help sb do sth幫助某人做某事
many different kinds of goldfish許多不同種金魚
live in an apartment 住在公寓里/
live on the twelfth floor住在12樓
live at NO.332,Shanghai Street住在上海路332號(hào)
as a reporter作為一名記者
look smart 顯得精神/看起來聰明
Are you kidding?你在騙我嗎
in the future在將來/在未來
no more=not …anymore不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)多次發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生）
no longer=not… any longer不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生） besides（除…之外還，包括）與except =but（除…之外，不包括）
be able to與can 能、會(huì)（be able to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中；
have to用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）例如：
1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can）
2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）
be big and crowded 大而且擁擠
be in college 在上大學(xué)
live on a space station 住在空間站
dress casually 穿得很隨意casual clothing 休閑服飾
win the next World Cup贏得世界杯
win award 獲僵 come true變成現(xiàn)實(shí)
take hundreds of years花幾百年的時(shí)間 be fun to watch 看起來有趣
over and over again 一次又一次
be in different shapes形狀不同
twenty years from now 今后20年
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
fewer； less表示否定之意，分別修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞；more二者都可以修飾。
Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。
Predicting the future can be difficult.
I need to look smart for my job interview.
I will be able to dress more casually.
I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
本單元語(yǔ)法講解 一般將來時(shí)
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：
1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ)；2.in+段時(shí)間 ；3.how soon；
4.by+將來時(shí)間；5.by the time sb.do…6.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do 7.時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來時(shí) 8.another day
比較be going to 與will:
1.be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight.
He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而 will 則沒有這個(gè)意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它們的這些不同，你就能很好的區(qū)分be going to與will了。
一般將來時(shí)常見的標(biāo)志詞
1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ)； 2.in+段時(shí)間 ；
3.how…soon；
4. by+將來時(shí)間；
5.祈使句句型中：or/and sb. will do
例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late
6.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來時(shí)（另見Unit 5）
Unit 2 What should I do?
too loud太大聲
out of style過時(shí)的 in style流行的
call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.給…打電話
enough money足夠的錢(enough修飾名詞時(shí)不必后置)
busy enough夠忙enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)必須后置)
a ticket to/for a ball game 一張球賽的門票
注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem
此處幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)不能用of表示所有格talk about談?wù)搊n the phone用電話pay for付款
spend…on +sth.=spend...(in)doing sth.在…花錢
It takes sb. sometime to do sth.某人做某事花…的時(shí)間
borrow …from從….借( 借進(jìn)來)
lend…to把…借給（借出去）
You can keep the book for a week你可以借這本書一周。（不用borrow或lend）
buy sth for sb為……買東西
tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth告訴某人做某事
want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do想某人做某事
find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)；查清楚；弄明白
play one’s stereo 放錄象
fail the test=not pass the test 考試不及格
fail in (doing) sth…在...上失敗,變?nèi)?br>succeed in (doing) sth 在...方面成功
write sb a letter/write to sb. 給某人寫信
surprise sb使某人吃驚(類似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）
to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是…..
to one’s joy 使某人高興的是…..
look fora part-time job 找一份兼職的工作（不一定有結(jié)果）
get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼職的工作（有結(jié)果） ask sb. for… 尋求/向某人要某物
have a bake sale 賣燒烤
argue with sb = have an argument with sb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵
have a fight with sb.=fight with與某人打架
drop off 離去；散去；逐漸減少;死去
prepare for…=get ready for…為…做準(zhǔn)備
after-school clubs(activities) 課外俱樂部（活動(dòng)）be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣做某事
used to do 過去經(jīng)常/常常做某事
be used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事
fill… up填補(bǔ)；裝滿… be full of裝滿
return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物歸還給某人
get on /along well with 與…相處很好
all kinds of 各種各樣
as much as possible=as much as you can 盡可能多 take part in=join in 參加（某種活動(dòng)/集會(huì)）
a bit =a little 一點(diǎn)兒（當(dāng)修飾形容詞或比較級(jí)時(shí)）
a bit of =a little 一點(diǎn)兒/一些（當(dāng)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)）
be angry with… 生…的氣
by oneself=on one’s own 某人自己/獨(dú)自地
on the one hand一方面on the other hand 另一方面
I find/feel/think it difficult to do...我發(fā)現(xiàn)/感到/認(rèn)為做某事很難.
see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.看到/聽見/注視某人正在做…
not…until直到…才（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞）
表示某人情緒有關(guān)的形容詞用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed
說明：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是某人時(shí)，注意后面的形容詞一般是-ed結(jié)尾的單詞，而當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是某物時(shí)或修飾名詞時(shí)，注意后面形容詞一般是-ing結(jié)尾單詞.）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.
radio advice program 電臺(tái)提建議的節(jié)目 be original 新穎的
leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某處 sports clothes 運(yùn)動(dòng)服
the same age as=as old as 和--- 年齡一樣 the tired children 疲憊不堪的孩子
complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、、、
take their children from activity to activity 帶著孩子參加一個(gè)接一個(gè)的活動(dòng)
try to do sth, 盡量干某事 try doing sth 試著干某事
be under too much pressure 壓力太大
a mother of three 三個(gè)孩子的媽媽
take part in after-school clubs 參加課后俱樂部
compepition starts from a very young age 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)從很小年紀(jì)就開始了
compare…with 和---比較
67.organized activities 有組織的活動(dòng)
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
What’s wrong(with you)?/What’s the matter?
What should I do?我該怎么辦
You could write him a letter.你可以給他寫封信 .
You should say sorry to him.你應(yīng)該給他道歉.
They shouldn’t argue.他們不應(yīng)該爭(zhēng)吵.?
Why don’t you talk to him about it?
=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.
=What/How about talking to him about it.=You’d better talk to him about it.
The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.
Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes.
Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory.
People shouldn’t push their children so hard.
Parents are trying to plan their kids’ lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves.
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
in front of 在……的前面（外部） in the front of 在……的前面（內(nèi)部）
in the library在圖書館
get out of/get into 出……之外/進(jìn)入
sleep late睡懶覺sleep well睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep睡著
walk down/along 沿……走
take off (飛機(jī))起飛；脫下（衣帽）
on Sunday evening在星期日晚上注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某個(gè)特定的上、下午、晚上用on）
in the tree在樹上 on the tree在樹上
take photos 照相 at the train station 在火車站
run away 跑開，逃跑
as+adj原形 as 和…一樣…例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)
buy/draw/make sth. for sb.為某人買/畫/制作
walk home走回家 in history 在歷史上
for example 例如 in the city of 在……市
on the playground 在操場(chǎng)上 ten minutes ago十分鐘前
take place 發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)必然性）
happen to sth./sb.發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性）例如：What has happened to you?=What’s the matter with you?=What’s wrong with you?
of course=sure=certainly 當(dāng)然
all over the world=around the world遍及全世界
outside/inside the station 在車站外/內(nèi)
next to 相鄰，緊貼close to 接近于；在附近
be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院/在床
hear about/of 聽說（間接聽到）
in silence沉默不語(yǔ) keep silent 保持沉默
an unusual experience 一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷
have fun doing sth 干某事有樂趣
have difficult time doing sth干某事有困難
have meaning to 對(duì)—有意義
become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成為中國(guó)第一個(gè)太空宇航員 a national hero 一個(gè)民族英雄 be famous all over the world 全世界出名 for the first time 第一次
本單元目標(biāo)句型:
What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday?
I was doing sth. When+一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句...
How about... / What about...?
While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth....
當(dāng)不明飛行物著陸時(shí)，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?
當(dāng)媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，我在看電視。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.
I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.
You can image how strange it was.
I followed to see where it was going.
Isn’t that amazing!
She didn’t thinking about looking outside the station.
I was so tired this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed.
Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics.
Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics.
People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.
This was one of the most important events in modern American history.
Even the most everyday activities can seem important.
Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen.
However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.
Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course.
His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours.
本單元語(yǔ)法講解
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)（Past Progressive Tense）
句型 S + was/were +V-ing…例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.（昨天傍晚八點(diǎn)半她正在做家庭作業(yè)。）
例B：We were having supper at that time.（那個(gè)時(shí)候我們正在吃晚飯。）
解說 如例1所示，在單句中使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)時(shí)必須把該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)間表明清楚，否則就不合邏輯了。
例如：I was taking a bath yesterday. （錯(cuò)）
（昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小時(shí)都正在洗澡嗎？）
所以本句應(yīng)該如例1來表達(dá)，或者用一般過去時(shí)表達(dá)如下：
I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。）
如果由上下文的文意，或者對(duì)談中的話意可以了解“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)間”，單句里就使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)是很普通的，例如：
A：I called you up yesterday evening. B：Did you? At what time? A：At around ten o'clock. （大約在十點(diǎn)鐘。） B：Oh, I was taking a bath then.（哦，當(dāng)時(shí)我正在洗澡。）
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)在表達(dá)上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相搭配。請(qǐng)觀察下面的圖解說明：
過去有二動(dòng)作A和B（如圖示），在B動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)稍早發(fā)生的A動(dòng)作正好在進(jìn)行中，所以這種表達(dá)法通常都是復(fù)句（主句+副詞從句）。例如： When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.
（今天早上我起床時(shí)媽媽正在廚房里準(zhǔn)備早餐�！癕other…�！笔侵骶洌皐hen…，”是副詞從句。）
常用于修飾過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞：過去的某一定點(diǎn)時(shí)刻（at + 過去的時(shí)刻），then （= at that time）（那時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)），all + 時(shí)間，“When…/While…/As…”等副詞從句，etc.
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working
every Saturday 每周六
first of all 首先
both…and…兩者都（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要注意對(duì)稱原則）
neither….nor兩者都不（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要注意就近和對(duì)稱原則）
most of…絕大多數(shù)
an exciting week 令人興奮的一周
agree on something 同意某人的；對(duì)….取得 一致意見
agree to do sth.答應(yīng)/同意做… pass on (to)傳遞
be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做... ...
be mad at …對(duì)……瘋狂/生氣
do better in=be better at 在......方面做得更好 be in good health 身體健康 report card 成績(jī)單
sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是連系動(dòng)詞，一般只能跟adj.做表語(yǔ)
sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like 聽起來像…/感覺像…/聞起來像…/嘗起來像…/看起來像…+sb./sth.
get… over 克服；恢復(fù)；原諒 open up 打開/展開/開發(fā)/揭露
care for 照料；照顧；意愿；計(jì)較
have a(surprise) party for sb. 為某人舉行一次（驚喜0聚會(huì)
end-of-year exam=final exam期末考試 not-anymore 不再
do a home project 做作業(yè)
be surprised\happy\excited to do sth 做某事感到驚訝、高興、激動(dòng)
be \get nervous 感到緊張 have a very hard time with.. 在---日子不好過
an disappointing result 令人失望的結(jié)果
take\ leave a message 捎（留）個(gè)口信
have a big fight it is a good idea for sb. to do sth to teach in China’s rural areas feel lucky
people who need help 需要幫助的人
something we can do for them 我們能為他們做的事
there is no difference between…and.. 在。。和。。之間沒有區(qū)別 Groups and the work they do
the Hope Project 希望工程 fortunately
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
轉(zhuǎn)述他人話語(yǔ):What did sb. say? He said I …She said she…They said…：許老師告訴我徐夢(mèng)蝶會(huì)說二種語(yǔ)言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.
許老師說地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.
許老師告訴我他將去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.
許老師說歐洋正在做作業(yè)Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.
許老師說王碩研勤奮。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.
在英語(yǔ)上，與聽相比，我更擅長(zhǎng)于讀。In English, I’m better at reading than listening.
情況怎樣？ How’s it going?
她不想再當(dāng)我最好的朋友了。She didn’t want to be my
best friend anymore.
I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.
That’s about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love.
She said helping others changed her life.
Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.
The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.
Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.
Young people today need to experience different things
Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.
I can open up my students’ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.
She said she likes being a good influence in the children’s lives.
She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.
You are at B’s house working on a homework project.
You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didn’t come to the bus stop.
A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C’s answer to A.
What are some things that happen on soap operas?
本單元語(yǔ)法講解
直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語(yǔ)；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語(yǔ)。間接引語(yǔ)一般構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)必須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，間接引語(yǔ)則不用引號(hào)。直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，除將引語(yǔ)部分變成賓語(yǔ)從句外，還必須對(duì)直接引語(yǔ)中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行改變。
時(shí)態(tài)的變化：直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞said，asked等的影響而使用過去化的時(shí)態(tài)，即把原來的時(shí)態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變
一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)等。 例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。 如：1. She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.2. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，都使用陳述語(yǔ)序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌�，所以變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)所用的連詞會(huì)有所不同。
1.陳述句的間接引語(yǔ)：陳述句由直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，由that引導(dǎo)，可以省略。1.“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的。” 他說。→He told us that he wanted the blue one.他說他想要蘭色的。
2.She said to me, “You can’t do anything now.”她對(duì)我說：“此刻你無法做任何事情�！薄� She told me that I couldn’t do anything then. 她對(duì)我說那時(shí)我無法做任何事。
2. 疑問句的間接引語(yǔ)
直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問句，變成間接引語(yǔ)后，叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述語(yǔ)序，句末用句號(hào)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動(dòng)詞常用ask, wonder, want to know等間接疑問句一般有三種：
(1)．一般疑問句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)， 由whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作過嗎？”吉姆問。
→Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆問他是否在上海工作過。
“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. 那個(gè)老人問：“你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎？
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人問我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院路。
(2). 特殊疑問句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍由原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪個(gè)房間？”他問我。 →He asked me which room I lived in. 他問我住哪個(gè)房間。 “What do you think of the film?” She asked.她問“你怎么看這部電影？”
→She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她問她朋友怎么看這部電影。
(3). 選擇疑問句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由whether/if …or引導(dǎo)。 如：
“Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked.媽媽問：“這是你的自行車還是湯姆的？”
→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.媽媽問這是我的自行車還是湯姆的。
“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.“你妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的？”凱特問。
→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.凱特問我妹妹喜歡蘭色裙子還是綠色的。
3. 祈使句的間接引語(yǔ)當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接祈使句的引述動(dòng)詞常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語(yǔ)。 如： Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary. ”杰克說：“瑪麗，明天請(qǐng)到我家來�！� →Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day. 杰克請(qǐng)瑪麗第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.”老師對(duì)學(xué)生們說：“不要了�！�
→The teacher told the students to stop talking.老師讓學(xué)生們不要說話了。
“Don’t touch anything.” He said. “不要碰任何東西�！彼f。 →He told us not to touch anything. 他對(duì)我們說不要碰任何東西。
4. 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和代詞等的變動(dòng)
(1). 某些代詞，限定詞，表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞和個(gè)別動(dòng)詞在間接引語(yǔ)中的變化規(guī)則：
直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)
today that day
now then, at that moment
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day / the following day
the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days
next week/ month etc the next week/month etc
last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before
here there
this that
these those
come go
bring take
(2). 如果引述動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式，則間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，代詞，限定詞和表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞不用變化。而如果引述動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)，以上內(nèi)容就要有相應(yīng)變化。變化情況如下： 現(xiàn)在時(shí)間推移到過去的時(shí)間(注意:如果直接引語(yǔ)是表示客觀規(guī)律的,那么時(shí)態(tài)仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) →一般過去時(shí)；
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) →過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；
一般將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí)；
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)→過去完成時(shí)；
Unit 5 If you go to the party，you’ll have a great time!
at the party在晚會(huì)上 ask sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)某人做某事
stay at home呆在家 half the class/students 一半學(xué)生
get injured 受傷 make money =earn money掙錢
have a great time =have a wonderful\good time 玩得高興
take …away 運(yùn)走，取走 put away 收起來，放好 all the time=always 一直，始終go to college 上大學(xué)
make a living (by doing sth) 謀生
in order to do sth… 為了做某事 have a party 舉行聚會(huì)
be famous for… 因……而著稱 be famous as… 作為…而出名
in fact 事實(shí)上 laugh at… 嘲笑
too much太多(修飾不可數(shù)名詞) too many太多(修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))much too+形容詞/副詞 太…
get exercise 鍛煉 注意（exercise當(dāng)“鍛煉”是不可數(shù)名詞；而當(dāng)“操”“練習(xí)”是可數(shù)名詞） wear jeans穿牛仔褲
travel around the world 周游世界 work hard 努力工作
let ... in 允許……進(jìn)入，嵌入 keep…out 不允許。。進(jìn)入
get an education獲得教育take… away 拿開，拿走 study for the test 準(zhǔn)備考試
make some food 準(zhǔn)備食物 make dumplings 做水餃
make the bed 整理床鋪 生
the rules for school parties 學(xué)校派對(duì)的規(guī)則
children’s hospital 兒童醫(yī)院 join the Lions 加入獅隊(duì)
give money to schools and charities 給學(xué)校和慈善組織捐錢 become a professional soccer player成為一個(gè)職業(yè)的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員organize the games for the class party為班級(jí)派對(duì)準(zhǔn)備游戲
play sports for a living 靠體育運(yùn)動(dòng)為生
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
1. If you do, you’ll…2. I’m going to …3. You should… 4. Don’t you want to …?5. Don’t you think ….?
①如果李老師去參加晚會(huì)，我們將會(huì)玩得非常高興。 If Ms Li goes to the party, we’ll have a great time.
②如果你穿牛仔褲去晚會(huì)，李老師將不會(huì)讓你進(jìn)入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li won’t let you in.
6.For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.
7.If you become a professional athlete, you will be able to make a living doing something you love.
8.However, professional athletes can also have many problems.
9.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere. This can make life difficult.
If you become rich, you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.
11.In fact, many famous people complain that they are not happy.
本單元語(yǔ)法講解
if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。If是連詞，所連接的句子 叫條件狀語(yǔ) 從句，表示假設(shè)或條件，意思是 “ 如果…的話”，用法如下：
1、表示假設(shè)，表示將會(huì)發(fā)生和可能發(fā)生的事，或進(jìn)行提醒警告。句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下： If +句子（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)），+主句（主語(yǔ)will/may/can) +動(dòng)詞）
If you finish your homework , you can go out and play.
If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .
表示真實(shí)條件、客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、定理定義 . 民 間諺語(yǔ)等，句型是：
If + 句子 （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ），+ 主句 （ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）.
例： If you study hard ,you are sure to succeed .
If you put ice in a warm place ,it turns into water .
If a glass falls on the floor, it usually breaks
If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft .
If a plant don’t get enough light ,it grows very tall and thin.
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
raise money for籌錢 collect stamps 集郵 run out of… 用盡
by the way 順便說一下on the way to.. 在…的路上
be interested in 對(duì)…感興趣 more than=over超過
fly kites 放風(fēng)箏 start class 開始上課
start a snow globe collector’s club開辦雪球儀收集者俱樂部
the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的愛好 listen to music videos 聽音樂碟片
organize a talent show to raise money for charity 為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐錢而舉辦的才藝展示
extra English lessons 額外的英語(yǔ)課
have problems with the language 語(yǔ)言方面有問題
the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龍江的省會(huì)
an interesting city with a colorful history 一個(gè)有著豐富多彩歷史文化的有趣的城市
three and a half years =three years and a half三年半
a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一雙滑冰鞋/一雙鞋/一副眼鏡/一條褲子/牛仔褲
How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
How much are the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?
= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?
本單元目標(biāo)句型：
How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？
I’ve been skating since nine o’clock./since I was four years old.我從九點(diǎn)一直滑到現(xiàn)在/我從四歲一直滑到現(xiàn)在。
I’ve been skating for five hours.我一直滑了五小時(shí) 。
The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我對(duì)中國(guó)的歷史了解得越多， 我就越喜歡住在中國(guó)。
Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.
When did you get your first pair of skates?
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