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5u3 語法復(fù)習(xí) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)
目標(biāo)
歸納語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 鞏固練習(xí) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)
鞏固練習(xí) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞難點(diǎn)
歸納語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教學(xué)
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情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用，必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。
1. can, could
1) 表示能力（體力、知識(shí)、技能）。 例如：Can you lift this heavy box?（體力） ary can speak three languages.（知識(shí)） Can you skate?（技能） 此時(shí)可用be able to代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式；而be able to則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。
例如： I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. （一般將時(shí)）當(dāng)表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以 做成功某事”時(shí)應(yīng)用be able to，不能用Can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
2) 表示請(qǐng)求和允許。
例如：-----Can I go now? ---Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此時(shí)可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could, might代替，但could, might 并不表示過去式，只是語氣更委婉。它們不能用于肯定句和答語中。
例如：--- Could I come to see you tomorrow? -- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not.)
3) 表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。例如： They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least.4) 表示推測(cè)（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。
Can this be true? This can’t be done by him. How can this be true?
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2. may, might
1) 表示請(qǐng)求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。 例如：
----ight/ ay I smoke in this room? --- No, you mustn’t.
---- ay/ight I take this book out of the room?
--- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. ) 用ay I...？征徇對(duì)方許可時(shí)比較正式和客氣，而用Can I...？在口語中更常見。
2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 例如：ay you succeed!
3) 表示推測(cè)、可能性（不用于疑問句）。might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 例如：He may /might be very busy no
Your mother may /might not know the truth.
3. must, have to
1) 表示必須、必要。例如： You must come in time.
在回答引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）。
例如： -- ust we hand in our exercise books today? --- Yes, you must. --- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) must是說話人的主觀看法，而have to則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。ust只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，have to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。
例如：His play isn’t interesting, I really must go no I had to work when I was your age.
3) 表示推測(cè)、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）例如： You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must knohat he likes best.
Your mother must be waiting for you no4. dare, need
1) dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于疑問句、否定句和條從句中, 過去式形式為dared。例如： How dare you say I’m unfair?
2) need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí), 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。
例如：You needn’t come so early. ---- Need I finish the work today? --- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
3) dare和 need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí)， 有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接帶to的不定式。在疑問句和否定句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。
例如：I dare to swim across this river. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
5. shall, should
1) shall 用于第一人稱，征求對(duì)方的意見。 例如：What shall we do this evening? 2) shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you don’t work hard. (警告) He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾) He shall be punished.(威脅 )教學(xué)
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6. will, would
1) 表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would更委婉。
例如： Will / Would you pa ss me the ball, please?
2) 表示意志、愿望和決心。例如： I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad.
3) would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。would表示過去習(xí)慣時(shí)比used to正式，且沒有“現(xiàn)已無此習(xí)慣”的含義。
例如： During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. The wound would not heal.
7. sho uld, ought to
1) should, ought to表示“應(yīng)該”，ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比s hould語氣重。
I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby.
2) 表示勸告、建議和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。
You should / ought to go to class right away.
Should I open the window?
3) 表示推測(cè)
should , ought to (客觀推測(cè)), must(主觀推測(cè))。
He must be home by no (斷定他已到家)
He ought to/should be hom e by no(不太肯定)
This is where the oil must be. (直爽)
This is where the oil ought to/should be. (含蓄)
一，選用can, could, may, must, shall, should, will, would, can’t, mustn’t, needn’t或have to
1. There is air around us, thought we ________ see it.
2. Your mother is getting better and better. You _______ worry about her.
3. You _______ play football in the busy street.
4. “_______ it be true ?.” “Yes. It _______ be true indeed.”
5. Tom _______ come to the party tonight, but I’m not sure.
6. _______ you please fetch me some water for me?
7. Young trees ________ be planted in spring.
8. “ust we hand in our exercise books today?”
“Yes, you ______.” “No, you ________.”
9. “ay I take this magazine out of the reading-room?”
“Yes, you _______.” “No, you _______.”
10. Please speak a little louder so that I _______ hear you.
二1. If you are not careful in the street, a car ______ hit you.
A. can B. may C. would D. must
2. ?ay I watch TV now, mum?
-No, you _____. You _____ do your homework first.
A. don’t; must B. don’t; can’t C. can’t; must D. can’t; can
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3. ?r. John, we must hand in our work today, ______?-No, you ______. But you must bring it to school tomorro
A. needn’t we; mustn’t B. mustn’t we; needn’t
C. mustn’t you; mustn’t D. needn’t we; needn’t
4. He isn’t in the school. I think he ______ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must
5. Children ______ play on the road or in the street. It is dangerous.
A. may not B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. needn’t
6. Even the top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it _____be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need
7. ?Can you ride a bike? -No, I _____.
A. may not B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
8. ?ust I return the book this morning?
-No, you _____. But you ______ return it before supper.
A. needn’t; must B. mustn’t; can C. mustn’t; may D. can’t; need
9. You ____ to go and see the doctor right no
A. must B. should C. have D. will
10. Don’t play with the knife. You ______ hurt yourself.
A. may B. should C. have to D. need
三，1. What _____ I do for you, madam?
A. may B. must C. can D. will
2. You’re made the same mistake again. How _____ you be so careless!
A. shall B. may C. can D. must
3. Peter _____ come with us this afternoon, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. shall B. may C. can D. must
4. Don’t worry! The news _____ be true.
A. may not B. mustn’t C. will not D. needn’t
5. The traffic _____ stop when the lights are red in the street.
A. can’t B. don’t have to C. mustn’t D. must
6. ?Look! It _____ be the new headmaster.
-It _____ be him. He went to Beijing yesterday.
A. can; mustn’t B. can; can’t C. must; can’t D. must; may
7. ______ I close the window? It’s so cold here.
A. ust B. Will C. Need D. Shall
8.You ___ return the bike no You can keep it till tomorrow if you like.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
9.You _____ yourself about money. A. needn’t worry B. needn’t to worry C. don’t need worry D. needn’t be worry
10.any people want to see you. _____ they wait here or outside?
A. Do B. Will C. Need D. Shall
11.____ I ask your name, please? A. Will B. Shall C. ay D. ust
12.You _____ do it even if you don’t want to.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. have to D. needn’t
13.I _____ like someone to take me to the museum.
A. will B. would C. shall D. need
14.Look, what you have done! You _____ more careful.
A. may be B. had to C. should be D. should
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