聽(tīng)力的重要性不言而喻，有效地提高聽(tīng)力理解能力，掌握答題技巧是廣大考生當(dāng)務(wù)之急。? 一、全方位積累? 1.單詞關(guān)? 必須熟悉詞匯表上的單詞，這樣才能快速地把聽(tīng)到的單詞和記憶中的單詞進(jìn)行意義聯(lián)系，從而確定聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容。不熟悉單詞是不可能聽(tīng)懂的。? 2.句法關(guān)? 聽(tīng)力題的理解都是以句子為單位，對(duì)常用口語(yǔ)的熟記和對(duì)很多句子的表達(dá)方式的掌握能使你快速理解話語(yǔ)。做聽(tīng)力時(shí)沒(méi)有可以分析語(yǔ)句的時(shí)間，平時(shí)必須多記各種句式。? 二、多練? 常聽(tīng)但不長(zhǎng)聽(tīng)，一般以每天十幾分鐘為宜。? 三、熟悉聽(tīng)力命題特點(diǎn)? 1.主旨大意題? 此類題要求根據(jù)所給信息歸納原文的主題或者最合適的標(biāo)題。一般為主觀性問(wèn)題，多為Wh-question形式。常見(jiàn)有下列問(wèn)題：? What does the passage talk about？? What is the passage/talk mainly about？? What is the main idea of the passage/talk？? What is the best title of the passage？? 對(duì)這種類型題，抓住短文的前兩句話往往特別重要，因?yàn)榍皟删湓捦侵黝}句，即使不是主題句，也對(duì)理解全文有重要的意義。例如：? Last Friday，a storm tore through two villages in FujianProvince，14 people were killed.? 這句話是一篇新聞的開(kāi)頭，很明顯是主題句，介紹了新聞的中心內(nèi)容，下面則應(yīng)是對(duì)風(fēng)暴情況的具體敘述。? 2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題? 在聽(tīng)力考試中對(duì)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題的考查最多，常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題是五個(gè)W一個(gè)H。? 1)Where -question? 常見(jiàn)問(wèn)法：? Where does the conversation most probably take place？? Where are the speakers now？? 對(duì)這類問(wèn)題，考生應(yīng)注意對(duì)話或短文的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)判斷地點(diǎn)。一般情況下，試題常出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)有：學(xué)校、商店、餐館、車站、機(jī)場(chǎng)、醫(yī)院、郵局等。下面列出其相關(guān)詞：? School：lecture，paper，exam，grades，playground，teacher.? Restaurant：menu，soup，drink，order，bill.? Airport/Station ：train，time table，take?off，passenger，flight.? Post office：parcel，package，stamp，postage.? Hospital：cold，fever，pain，cough，trouble，temperature.? 2)When-question? ??關(guān)于這類問(wèn)題，考生要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：? ? ●?根據(jù)表示時(shí)間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞來(lái)判斷事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間，如：before，after，then，until，later，immediately等。? ? ●?聽(tīng)清楚有關(guān)數(shù)字和數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系，然后進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算，如：The long distance bus from Jinan to Qingdao usually takes 4 hours，but yesterday it took me two hours more because of the heavy traffic.? Q：How long did it take him to get to Qingdao yesterday？? ?●?掌握年、月、星期的表達(dá)方法。注意一些表示時(shí)間的詞，如： quarter，a couple of days，eve，dawn，day break.? 3)Which /Who -question? Who常用來(lái)提問(wèn)說(shuō)話人的身份，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或接受者；Which主要對(duì)某種具體的事物進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。常見(jiàn)形式如下：? Who is the speaker？? Which subject will Jack take？? Which 高考 language is Jack speaking？? 這類問(wèn)題難度不大，有時(shí)文中直接給出答案，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)相關(guān)詞判斷。如：? Teacher/Student：class，exam，homework，part-time job.? Salesman ：price，on sale，try on .? Reporter：news，report.? 4)How-question? ??主要提問(wèn)：年齡、距離、速度、價(jià)格、數(shù)量等；說(shuō)話人對(duì)事物的反應(yīng)，動(dòng)作的方式等。問(wèn)題的主要形式如下：? How old is the man？? How long does it take them to get there if they take plane？? How did the man go to Japan？? How much did the man pay for the dress？? How did they feel about the train？? ??關(guān)于年齡、距離、速度等一般要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的運(yùn)算�？忌艘�(tīng)清楚數(shù)字外，還要注意百分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)等的數(shù)量詞，如：double，half，dozen，couple，thirty percent，three times，century，etc.? 5)Why-question? 這類問(wèn)題主要對(duì)原因進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，常與文中表示原因的句子形成因果關(guān)系。因此要注意because，for，since，as，insgroupsto，so that，to等引導(dǎo)的句子或短語(yǔ)。如：?You will hear：The new universities were founded after the Second World War.A lot of students chose the new universities instead of Oxford.They became popular because of their advanced teaching methods.? Q：Why did the new universities become popular？? 3.推理判斷題? ??這類題是聽(tīng)力中的難點(diǎn)。判斷要通過(guò)兩種途徑實(shí)現(xiàn)：一是充分利用各題僅有的5秒鐘快速閱讀選項(xiàng)，這樣一來(lái)，在聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)就更容易抓住重點(diǎn)；二是對(duì)所給的信息進(jìn)行判斷分析。? 常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)題形式如下：? What can we learn from the passage？? What does the speaker mean？? Which of the following is true？? 四、掌握答題技巧? 1.速讀? 1)進(jìn)入考場(chǎng)，盡快消除緊張心理，填涂完考號(hào)后，集中精力快速閱讀各小題，每小題的第一個(gè)詞常是聽(tīng)力的重點(diǎn)(五個(gè)W一個(gè)H)，爭(zhēng)取在放錄音前捕捉到聽(tīng)力重點(diǎn)。? 2)放錄音時(shí)，充分利用各題僅有的5秒鐘時(shí)間，快速閱讀題干，以便有的放矢地聽(tīng)錄音內(nèi)容。對(duì)于選項(xiàng)只能邊聽(tīng)邊瀏覽，雙管齊下。? 2.簡(jiǎn)記? 用自己能看懂的簡(jiǎn)單方式盡量把與題干有關(guān)的信息記錄下來(lái)，比如數(shù)字用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，人物、地點(diǎn)用代號(hào)，長(zhǎng)詞用一兩個(gè)字母代替。? 3.牢抓? 抓牢與題干有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞，抓牢語(yǔ)段的主題，時(shí)刻記住“What are they talking about？”。在聽(tīng)對(duì)話時(shí)，答語(yǔ)十分重要，一定要抓牢。在聽(tīng)獨(dú)白時(shí)，要抓住主題。? 4.細(xì)思? 帶著題干所述的問(wèn)題邊聽(tīng)邊瀏覽選項(xiàng)，在聽(tīng)第二遍時(shí)不少答案已經(jīng)確定下來(lái)了。最后剩下的5秒鐘做答時(shí)間，不應(yīng)平均分配，而主要用于對(duì)一些疑難問(wèn)題進(jìn)行仔細(xì)思考分析。以上方法是作者多年經(jīng)驗(yàn)的結(jié)晶，希望讀者認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會(huì)，相信對(duì)你的聽(tīng)力定有幫助。
