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　　虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn)
　　◆典型陷阱題分析◆
　　1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
　　A. will show B. would show
　　C. am going to show D. am showing
　　【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
　　【分析】正確答案選B。根據(jù)上文的語(yǔ)境可知句中的 or 隱含有一個(gè)虛擬的條件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我沒(méi)忘記我在哪兒讀過(guò)這篇文章的話??但事實(shí)上忘了)。
　　2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _____.”
　　A. He’d better give up drinking
　　B. He shouldn’t have drunk so much
　　C. Health is more important than drink
　　D. I wonder why he is always doing so
　　【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選，主要是受句中 drunk 一詞的影響。
　　【分析】最佳答案為D。關(guān)鍵信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句子既然用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也就是說(shuō)，“他喝醉了”不是事實(shí)，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此題的最佳答案是D。
　　3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _____ you if you had so high a fever.”
　　A. do B. are
　　C. will D. would
　　【陷阱】容易誤選A或C。選A者，認(rèn)為前后兩句的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)應(yīng)一致;選C者，認(rèn)為其后帶有if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從語(yǔ)氣上看，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。
　　【分析】此題最佳答案為D。分析如下：
　　(1) “so + 助動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ)”是一個(gè)很有用的結(jié)構(gòu)，它表示“……也一樣”時(shí)。如：
　　He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜歡看電視，我也一樣。
　　When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 當(dāng)動(dòng)植物消失的時(shí)候，人類也會(huì)隨之消失。
　　(2) 由于空格后的 if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣(這是很重要的信息)，所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案應(yīng)選D。
　　4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But I’d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.”
　　A. will come B. is coming
　　C. came D. had come
　　【陷阱】容易誤選A或B。根據(jù)上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白處應(yīng)填一個(gè)一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。
　　【分析】但此題的最佳答案是 C。按照英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，would rather 后接that 從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)通常要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用過(guò)去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)��?lái)，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去。又如：
　　I’d rather you left right now. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在就離開。
　　I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿這事被遺忘掉。
　　I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it. 我寧愿他沒(méi)告訴我這事。
　　請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵?a href='http://www.douzifanli.com/shiti/' target='_blank'>試題(答案均為B)：
　　(1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “I’d rather you ______.”
　　A. won’t B. didn’t
　　C. don’t D. wouldn’t
　　(2) “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.”
　　A. didn’t B. hadn’t
　　C. don’t D. wouldn’t
　　(3) “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.”
　　A. won’t B. didn’t
　　C. doesn’t D. wouldn’t
　　5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
　　A. should be; be operated on
　　B. were; must be operated on
　　C. was; should be operated
　　D. was; be operated on
　　【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。
　　【分析】最佳答案選 D。insist后的從句謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，有時(shí)不用，具體要看該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的含義。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，若該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實(shí)，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;若該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)，則要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。分析上題的句意，可知只有選D最合適。請(qǐng)做以下類似試題(答案選B)：
　　(1) The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital.
　　A. wasn’t, wasn’t sent B. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sent
　　C. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sent D. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be sent
　　(2) The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free.
　　A. should do, should be B. had done, should be
　　C. had done, had been D. should do, had been
　　(3) I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then.
　　A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling
　　C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel
　　6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.
　　A. Was he given up B. Had he given up
　　C. Did he give D. If he gave up
　　【陷阱】容易誤選 D。
　　【分析】正確答案應(yīng)選B。之所以不能選D，是因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)前后有矛盾。由于主句謂語(yǔ)是would not have got，這表明是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)作出的假設(shè)，所以從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是 had given up，而不是像D項(xiàng)那樣用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外，當(dāng)虛擬條件句中有 had, should, were 等詞時(shí)，通�？梢允÷� if，并將 had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：
　　Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他們停止做廣告，價(jià)錢會(huì)降下來(lái)。
　　Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我會(huì)把那場(chǎng)面拍攝下來(lái)了。