【新課標(biāo)人教版】（全國(guó)通用）2014屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精講精練學(xué)案必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world
Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞聚焦
1．Tom celebrated the________(到來(lái)) of the New Year with a party for his friends.
答案： arrival
2．I am now ________(收集) convincing information for my paper.
答案： gathering
3．The central government has made a series of________(農(nóng)業(yè)的) policies to encourage farmers to work the land.
答案： agricultural
4．Under the leadership of our party，we finally got________(獨(dú)立) from the other countries.
答案： independence
5．No one is to see the document without the________(許可) of the writer of the report.
答案： permission
6．I’ve made up my mind，but it’s________(很顯然) that you need more time to think it over.
答案： obvious
7．To get the job done，one should be ________(精力充沛) and hardworking.
答案： energetic
8．I used to________(欽佩) him as a true scientist and hard worker.
答案： admire
9．You’d better________(道歉) to Mary for having kept her waiting for hours outside.
答案： apologize
10．I could understand her being angry，but I’ll still never________(原諒) her the way she treated me afterwards.
答案： forgive
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)掃描
1． place 發(fā)生
2．dress 化裝；打扮
3．look to 期望，期待，盼望
4．a(chǎn)s 好像
5．parking 停車(chē)場(chǎng)
6． one’s word 守信用；履行諾言
7．set 出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；使爆炸
8．in of 為紀(jì)念……
9． a trick (on sb.) 欺騙，開(kāi)玩笑
take
up
forward
though
lot
keep
off
memory
play
10．day night 日夜；晝夜；整天
11．have fun 玩得開(kāi)心
12．turn 出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)
13．one’s breath 屏息；屏氣
14．remind... ... 使……想起……
and
with
up
hold
of
Ⅲ.課文原句突破
1．在當(dāng)時(shí)，如果食物難以找到，人們就會(huì)挨餓，特別是在寒冷的冬季。
At that time people would starve if food ________ ________ ________ ________，especially during the cold winter months.
答案： was difficult to find
2．整個(gè)國(guó)度到處是盛開(kāi)的櫻花，看上去就像覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。
The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks________ ________it is covered with pink snow.
答案： as though
3．很明顯，咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李芳離開(kāi)。
________ ________ ________ ________the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
答案： It was obvious that
4．她在人間時(shí)，遇到了牧童牛郎，隨后他們相愛(ài)了。
________she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
答案： While
admire vt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕
教材原句P2：China and Japan have midautumn festivals，when people admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakes.中國(guó)和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這時(shí)，人們會(huì)賞月，在中國(guó)，人們還品嘗月餅。
(1)admire sb.for sth.因某事而欽佩某人
(3)admiring adj.羨慕的；贊美的
①I(mǎi) admire and respect you more than I can say.
我對(duì)你的欽佩和尊敬無(wú)以言表。
②The tourists are admiring the view from the tower.
游客們欣賞著從塔上看到的景色。
③The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.
這所學(xué)校教學(xué)優(yōu)秀，遠(yuǎn)近稱(chēng)譽(yù)。
④She was used to receiving admiring glances from others.
她習(xí)慣了別人給予贊賞的目光。
1.完成句子
(1)我不同意她的意見(jiàn)，但我贊賞她的恪守原則。
I don’t agree with her，but I______________________sticking to her principles.
(2)他站在那里，欣賞自己的新轎車(chē)。
He stood there，________________________.
答案： (1)admire her for (2)admiring his new car
award n．獎(jiǎng)；獎(jiǎng)品；vt.授予；判定
教材原句P2：Some people might win awards for their farm produce，like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.
有些人還可能因?yàn)樗麄兊霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品(參加各種評(píng)選)而獲獎(jiǎng)，比如最大的西瓜或最帥的公雞。
①She received an award of 1,000 dollars.
她得到1 000美元的獎(jiǎng)金。
②The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award.
奧林匹克獲勝者獲得了一枚金牌作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
③The winner was awarded a gold medal.
＝A gold medal was awarded to the winner.
優(yōu)勝者獲頒一面金牌。
辨析：award與reward
awardvt.授予，頒發(fā)，判給
be awarded for...因……而受獎(jiǎng)
award sb.sth.頒發(fā)給某人某物
n.獎(jiǎng)品，贈(zèng)品，與prize (獎(jiǎng)金)近義
rewardvt.報(bào)答，酬謝，可以用于比喻意義
reward sb.with sth.用……酬謝某人
n.賞金，酬金，回報(bào)
2.用award與reward：
(1)Last year three university departments were________$600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.
(2)Scientists found that young babies learn to do things because certain act leads to________.
(3)How can I________your kindness?
答案： (1)awarded (2)rewards (3)reward
apologize vi.道歉
教材原句P7：Well，he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.他不想屏息等她來(lái)道歉。
①You should apologize to your teacher for coming late.
你應(yīng)該為你的遲到向你的老師道歉。
②I do apologize for giving you so much trouble while I am here.
我在這期間給您添麻煩真是對(duì)不起。
③He apologized to his mother that he went home late.
他回家晚了，所以要向母親道歉。
④Have you made an apology to him for breaking his window?
你打碎了他的窗子你向他道歉了嗎？
3.完成句子
(1)Realizing what she had done was wrong，she______________________________(向老師道歉)．
(2)我們犯錯(cuò)以后，就應(yīng)道歉，把事情向?qū)Ψ秸f(shuō)清楚。
______________________________to set things straight with others.
答案： (1)apologized to her teacher for it (2)After making a mistake，people should apologize
remind vt.提醒；使想起
教材原句P7：As Li Fang set off for home，he thought，“I guess Hu Jin doesn’t love me.I’ll just throw these flowers and chocolates away.I don’t want them to remind me of her.”李方動(dòng)身往家走，心里想：“我想胡瑾是不愛(ài)我了，把這些鮮花和巧克力都扔了吧。我不想因它們想起她來(lái)�！�
remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.)＋that/how/what...提醒……
①The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.
這部影片使他回想起在中國(guó)所看到的一切。
②A student should always remind himself not to be late for class.
學(xué)生應(yīng)該總是提醒自己上課不要遲到。
③Our teacher reminded us how important it was to be polite to others.我們的老師提醒我們對(duì)別人有禮貌是多么的重要。
④She reminded me that I hadn’t returned the book to the library.她提醒我還沒(méi)有去圖書(shū)館還書(shū)。
4.(2009?福建卷)________not to miss the flight at 15∶20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
A．Reminding B．Reminded
C．To remind D．Having reminded
解析： 分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要根據(jù)其與句子的主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)確定用現(xiàn)在分詞形式還是過(guò)去分詞形式。句中的主語(yǔ)the manager與remind之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式表示被動(dòng)。
答案： B
forgive (forgave，forgiven) vt.& vi.寬恕；饒��；原諒
教材原句P7：She would never forgive him.
她恐怕永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)原諒他了。
(1)forgive sb.for sth./doing sth.原諒某人做了某事
(2)excuse sb.for (doing) sth.原諒某人做了某事
pardon sb.for (doing) sth.原諒某人做了某事
thank sb.for (doing) sth.感謝某人做了某事
praise sb.for (doing) sth.贊揚(yáng)某人做了某事
punish sb.for (doing) sth.因某人(做了)某事而懲罰某人
①I(mǎi) cannot forgive myself for not seeing my mother before she died.母親臨終前我未去看她，為這件事我不能原諒自己。
②She forgave him his thoughtless remark.
她原諒了他輕率的話語(yǔ)。
③Forgive others but not yourself.嚴(yán)于律已，寬以待人。
④Forgive me for interrupting，but I really don’t agree with that.
請(qǐng)?jiān)徫掖虿恚贿^(guò)我確實(shí)不同意那一點(diǎn)。
5.(2014?福建師大附中高三月考)Though Tom was impolite to the new teacher，she________him his rudeness.
A．excused B．a(chǎn)pologized
C．forgave D．punished
解析： forgive寬恕�？捎糜趂orgive sb.sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“寬恕某人某事”。
答案： C
in memory of紀(jì)念；追念
教材原句P2：For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.
在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié)，人們要上墳掃墓、燒香，以緬懷他們的祖先。
in favor of支持，贊同；對(duì)某人有利
in face of面臨，面對(duì)
in honour of為紀(jì)念……；祝賀……；為了向……表示敬意
in need of需要
in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；掌管
in search of尋找
①The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.
這座博物館是為了紀(jì)念這位著名的科學(xué)家而建的。
②A film will be made in memory of those brave firefighters.
為了紀(jì)念那些勇敢的消防戰(zhàn)士，一部電影即將開(kāi)拍。
③There is a party tonight in honour of our new headmaster.
為慶祝新校長(zhǎng)就任，今晚有個(gè)聚會(huì)。
④Are you in favour of or against the plan?
你是贊成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃還是反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。
6.完成句子
(1)The building was named Ford Hall____________________(為……紀(jì)念) a man named James Ford.
(2)He remained calm______________________(面對(duì)危險(xiǎn))．
答案： (1)in memory of (2)in face of danger
look forward to期望；期待；盼望
教材原句P2：The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富生氣而又最重要的節(jié)日，就是告別冬天、迎來(lái)春天的日子。
①I(mǎi) look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
我期待著早日收到你的來(lái)信。
②We will be at the 10 Baker Street at six sharp，and look forward to seeing you.我們將于六點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)貝克大街10號(hào)，到時(shí)再會(huì)。
③She found the beautiful dress she had been looking forward to was sold to others.她發(fā)現(xiàn)她一直盼望的衣服賣(mài)給她人了。
以介詞to結(jié)尾的常用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)還有：
be used to習(xí)慣于 stick to堅(jiān)持
lead to導(dǎo)致 object to反對(duì) pay attention to注意
devote...to...致力于
get down to開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做……
④My parents strongly object to my playing computer games.
父母強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)我玩電腦游戲。
⑤Having lived here for three years，I’ve already been used to the life here.來(lái)這里三年了，我已習(xí)慣了這里的生活。
7.The letter he had been looking forward to________at last this morning.
A．come B．comes
C．coming D．came
解析： 考查時(shí)態(tài)。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，(which/that) he had been looking forward to為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞letter；空格處需填主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，主句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意為：他一直盼望的信今天早上總算來(lái)了。
答案： D
8．We are looking forward to________a chance to watch the opening ceremony of the London 2014 Olympic Games.
A．give B．be given
C．being given D．giving
解析： 句意為：我們期望有機(jī)會(huì)看到倫敦2014年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的開(kāi)幕式。look forward to后面要跟動(dòng)名詞形式，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知要用被動(dòng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。
答案： C
turn up出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)；開(kāi)大，調(diào)高；被發(fā)現(xiàn)
教材原句P7：But she didn’t turn up.可她卻不見(jiàn)人影。
①We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7∶30，but he failed to turn up.我們約定7點(diǎn)30分在電影院見(jiàn)面，但他沒(méi)來(lái)。
②I’m sure your watch will turn up one day.
我肯定你的手表準(zhǔn)有一天能找到。
③Something unexpected has turned up.
出乎意料的事情發(fā)生了。
④I can’t hear the radio very well，could you turn it up a bit?
我聽(tīng)不太清楚，你把收音機(jī)的聲音開(kāi)大點(diǎn)行嗎？
turn on打開(kāi)；開(kāi)啟
turn off關(guān)掉
turn down調(diào)��；拒絕
turn to求助于
turn over翻轉(zhuǎn)
turn in上交；欺騙
turn out結(jié)果是；生產(chǎn)；制造；趕走
⑤Please turn to me for help when you are in trouble.
當(dāng)你有困難時(shí)請(qǐng)向我求助。
⑥D(zhuǎn)on’t worry?I’m sure it will all turn out fine.
別擔(dān)心??我敢肯定一切最終會(huì)好起來(lái)的。
⑦She turned down the job offer because she wanted more money.她拒絕了那份工作因?yàn)樗胍叩墓べY。
9.(2014?天津市高三十校聯(lián)考)?What are you reading，Jim?
?I’m not really reading，just________the pages.
A．turning off B．turning around
C．turning over D．turning up
解析： turn off關(guān)上；turn around轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身；turn over翻閱；turn up出現(xiàn)。
答案： C
10．With no one to________in such a frightening situation，the girl felt very helpless.
A．turn to B．turn on
C．turn off D．turn down
解析： turn to轉(zhuǎn)向……求助；turn on打開(kāi)；turn off關(guān)閉；turn over翻轉(zhuǎn)，翻身。句意為：在可怕的環(huán)境下她沒(méi)人可求助，女孩感到非常絕望。
答案： A
hold one’s breath 屏息；屏氣
教材原句P7：Well，he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.他不想屏息等她來(lái)道歉。
①He held his breath，not daring to make any sound.
他屏住氣，不敢弄出一點(diǎn)聲響。
②The race was so close that everyone was holding his breath at the finish.這是一場(chǎng)勢(shì)均力敵的比賽，以至于到最后每個(gè)人都屏住了呼吸。
③Reaching the top of the tower，he was out of breath.
到了塔頂，他就上氣不接下氣了。
④Jack took a deep breath and then dived into the water.
杰克深呼吸然后跳入水中。
take a deep breath＝breathe deeply深呼吸
lose one’s breath喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)
out of breath上氣不接下氣，喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)
catch one’s breath喘口氣；歇口氣；恢復(fù)正常呼吸
11.完成句子
The audience__________________________(屏住呼吸等著) the announcement of the winner of the first prize.
答案： held their breath to wait for
At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.
在那個(gè)時(shí)代，如果食物難以找到，特別是在寒冷的冬天的歲月，人們就會(huì)挨餓。
此句中的to find是動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式，但卻表示被動(dòng)意義。該句使用的是“sb./sth.is＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)，在該句型中不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如后面的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，則要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞。
①Those eleven men were very difficult to persuade，but I managed it in the end.那十一個(gè)人很難被說(shuō)服，但最終我還是說(shuō)服了他們。
②English is very difficult to learn well in a short time.
英語(yǔ)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)很難學(xué)好。
③The author gradually realizes her mother’s body language is easy to understand.
作者逐漸地意識(shí)到她母親的肢體語(yǔ)言很容易理解。
④The sofa is very comfortable to sit in.
這沙發(fā)坐上去很舒服。
12.(2010?四川卷)In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant________.
A．to deal with B．dealing with
C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
解析： 句意為：在很多人看來(lái)，盡管那家公司相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)較小，人們卻能夠與之愉快合作。該句可還原成To deal with that company is pleasant。
答案： A
While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
她在人間遇到了牛郎，兩人相愛(ài)了。
句中while she was on earth作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，其中while為連詞，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。
①He fell asleep while (he was) watching TV.
他在看電視的時(shí)候睡著了。
②While (he was) in America he studied medicine.
他在美國(guó)的時(shí)候研究醫(yī)學(xué)。
while作連詞時(shí)的其他用法：
(1)只要
(2)但是，可是，表對(duì)比
(3)雖然，盡管
③While there is life，there is hope.只要有生命就有希望。
④We know usually women stay at home and do all the houses while men go out to work.
我們知道，通常婦女在家里做家務(wù)，而男人則外出工作。
⑤While I understand what you say，I can’t agree with you.
盡管我明白你的話，但我還是不同意。
13.(2010?新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Mary made coffee________her guests were finishing their meal.
A．so that B．a(chǎn)lthough
C．while D．a(chǎn)s if
解析： 句意為：客人們就要吃完飯的時(shí)候，瑪麗去煮咖啡了。本題考查連詞。so that以便，為了，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句或結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。although雖然，盡管，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。while①在……期間，當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；②然而，而(＝but)，表示對(duì)比。as if (＝as though)仿佛，好像，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。從句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。
答案： C
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．We’re__________________(盼望看到) the new policy carried out，which has drawn many people’s attention.
答案： looking forward to seeing
2．John promised to attend my birthday party，but so far he hasn’t______________(出現(xiàn))．
答案： turned up
3．He got lost in the desert and________________(餓死) at last.
答案： starved to death
4．If the neighbours do not give any sweets，the children might __________________(開(kāi)玩笑，戲弄) them.
答案： play a trick on
5．You should always____________________(遵守諾言)，otherwise no one will trust you.
答案： keep your word
6．The office was in such a mess?______________________(看起來(lái)好像) a bomb had been dropped on it.
答案： it looked as though
7．____________________(很明顯) the people present at the meeting that they must be all in favour of the proposal.
答案： It was very obvious to
8．If we______________(出發(fā)) early in the morning，we could reach the coast before dark.
答案： set off
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1．(四川高考)In some places women are expected to earn money________men work at home and raise their children.
A．but B．while
C．because D．though
解析： 句意為：在一些地方，人們期待婦女去掙更多的錢(qián)，而男人卻在家做事，帶孩子。while表示對(duì)比，有“而，然而”的意思，符合語(yǔ)境要求；but表轉(zhuǎn)折，但無(wú)對(duì)比的含義；because因?yàn)�，though雖然，都不符合句子意思。
答案： B
2．(上海高考)?Are you ready for Spain?
?Yes，I want the girls to experience that________they are young.
A．while B．until
C．if D．before
解析： 句意為：??你準(zhǔn)備好去西班牙了嗎？??是的。我想讓這些女孩子趁著年輕的時(shí)候去感受一下西班牙。
答案： A
3．________I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person.
A．While B．Since
C．Before D．Unless
解析： while在此相當(dāng)于although，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合題的要求。該句意為“盡管我承認(rèn)他不十全十美，但是我確實(shí)喜歡他”。
答案： A
4．We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall，________，in fact，there were 40.
A．while B．whether
C．what D．which
解析： while此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“但是，然而”。
答案： A
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練
本單元語(yǔ)法??情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Ⅰ)
1．(日照市2014調(diào)研考試)It has been announced recently that all the schools________not have the students attend school if the students have high temperatures.
A．need B．shall
C．could D．ought to
解析： 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：最近宣布，所有的學(xué)校不應(yīng)當(dāng)讓體溫高的學(xué)生上學(xué)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall常在條約、法令、規(guī)章等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，一般用于第三人稱(chēng)，意為：應(yīng)，必須。
答案： B
2．(濰坊2014?第一次模擬)?Why didn’t Alex attend the party yesterday evening?
?He________not have wanted to see me.
A．should B．might
C．could D．would
解析： 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。下句意為：他可能不想來(lái)見(jiàn)我。might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去一種不太肯定的推測(cè)。
答案： B
3．(青島市2014第二次模擬)?May I tell this to my close friend?
?No，you________.Never let anybody else know about it.
A．needn’t B．shouldn’t
C．mustn’t D．can’t
解析： 由“決不可以讓其他任何人知道”可知選C，mustn’t表示“不允許，不可以”，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈。
答案： C
4．(2010?成都第一次診斷)When Premier Zhou Enlai was alive，he________work from morning until night every day，dealing with numerous affairs.
A．would B．could
C．must D．might
解析： 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。would表示“(過(guò)去常見(jiàn)的情況)總是，老是”。句意為：周恩來(lái)總理在世時(shí)，他總是每天從早到晚地工作，處理諸多事務(wù)。
答案： A
5．(2010?上海春招)It is important to know about the cultural differences that________cause problems.
A．must B．dare
C．need D．may
解析： 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：了解一些可能會(huì)引起問(wèn)題的文化差異，這很重要。此處may用來(lái)表示“可能”；must一定，必須；dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用在否定句與疑問(wèn)句中，表示“敢于”；need必須，需要。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，這里選D項(xiàng)。
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